ELISpot Human TNF-α, pre-coated
ELISpot Human TNF-α, pre-coated - Image 2
Cat #:
2048

ELISpot Human TNF-α, pre-coated

£ 150.00

Shipped within 2-3 days
Product Details
Application: ELISpot
Analyte: TNF-α
Reactivity: Human
Storage: Store plates and reagents between 2 and 8°C
Shelf Life: 12 months
Peptide Pools​: No peptide pool included - plate and reagents only
Plates​: ELISpot plate precoated with TNF-α capture antibody
Detection mAb​​: Biotinylated recombinant TNF-α antibody
Enzyme conjugate​: Streptavidin-ALP (Alkaline Phosphatase)
Substrate: BCIP/NBT Ready-to-use solution
Blocking agent: Bovine Serum Albumin (BSA)
ELISpot TNF-a kit IFU
TNF-α is a multifunctional cytokine that plays a central role in coordinating innate and adaptive immune responses. It is produced predominantly by activated monocytes and macrophages, but may also be released by lymphocytes, NK cells, neutrophils, mast cells, endothelial cells, and other cell types following infection, tissue injury, or immune stimulation. As a potent pro-inflammatory mediator and pyrogen, TNF-α promotes endothelial activation, adhesion molecule expression, vascular permeability, and the recruitment of immune cells to affected tissues. It also enhances the antimicrobial and cytotoxic functions of immune cells and contributes to the elimination of infected or damaged cells through the induction of apoptosis and other cell-death pathways. In addition to its local inflammatory effects, TNF-α influences antigen presentation, leukocyte activation, tissue metabolism, acute-phase responses, and the production of other immune mediators, including interleukin-1, granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor, and major histocompatibility complex molecules.

 

However, excessive or prolonged TNF-α production can cause systemic inflammation, tissue damage, metabolic dysfunction, and cachexia. Elevated TNF-α levels have been associated with severe infection and sepsis, chronic inflammatory and autoimmune disorders, transplant rejection, graft-versus-host disease, and complications arising during immunodeficiency. Due to its varied functions throughout the immune system, TNF-α is a valuable indicator of inflammatory activity.

The Human TNF-α Enzyme-Linked ImmunoSpot (ELISpot) assay is a highly sensitive immunological technique that detects cytokine secretion at the single-cell level. Unlike methods such as ELISA or RT-PCR, which measure cytokine or cytokine-related signals at the population level, ELISpot enables identification and quantification of the frequency of individual cytokine-secreting cells. This assay can be used assess cellular immune responses by determining the frequency of stimulated effector cells that secrete TNF-α.
Pre-coated kits are ready-to-use, helping labs save time and reduce human touchpoints during setup, ideal for accelerating research workflows.

 

Description

TNF-α is a multifunctional cytokine that plays a central role in coordinating innate and adaptive immune responses. It is produced predominantly by activated monocytes and macrophages, but may also be released by lymphocytes, NK cells, neutrophils, mast cells, endothelial cells, and other cell types following infection, tissue injury, or immune stimulation. As a potent pro-inflammatory mediator and pyrogen, TNF-α promotes endothelial activation, adhesion molecule expression, vascular permeability, and the recruitment of immune cells to affected tissues. It also enhances the antimicrobial and cytotoxic functions of immune cells and contributes to the elimination of infected or damaged cells through the induction of apoptosis and other cell-death pathways. In addition to its local inflammatory effects, TNF-α influences antigen presentation, leukocyte activation, tissue metabolism, acute-phase responses, and the production of other immune mediators, including interleukin-1, granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor, and major histocompatibility complex molecules.

 

However, excessive or prolonged TNF-α production can cause systemic inflammation, tissue damage, metabolic dysfunction, and cachexia. Elevated TNF-α levels have been associated with severe infection and sepsis, chronic inflammatory and autoimmune disorders, transplant rejection, graft-versus-host disease, and complications arising during immunodeficiency. Due to its varied functions throughout the immune system, TNF-α is a valuable indicator of inflammatory activity.

Application

The Human TNF-α Enzyme-Linked ImmunoSpot (ELISpot) assay is a highly sensitive immunological technique that detects cytokine secretion at the single-cell level. Unlike methods such as ELISA or RT-PCR, which measure cytokine or cytokine-related signals at the population level, ELISpot enables identification and quantification of the frequency of individual cytokine-secreting cells. This assay can be used assess cellular immune responses by determining the frequency of stimulated effector cells that secrete TNF-α.
Pre-coated kits are ready-to-use, helping labs save time and reduce human touchpoints during setup, ideal for accelerating research workflows.

 

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Frequently Asked Questions

Virax Biolabs develops and provides immunology-profiling solutions, with a focus on T cell diagnostics and immune monitoring. Their offerings include research-use products (e.g., peptide pools, ELISpot/FluoroSpot kits, high-affinity antibodies) as well as custom immunology services (such as recombinant antibody engineering, peptide synthesis and protein sequencing).

Virax Biolabs offers a comprehensive range of products to support immunology research and diagnostic development. Their primary product categories include pathogen-specific peptide pools that enable T cell stimulation and immune-response analysis, ELISpot and FluoroSpot kits designed for measuring cytokine secretion and other immune markers, and high-affinity antibodies suitable for use in assays such as ELISA, flow cytometry, and ELISpot. Together, these products provide researchers with precise tools for profiling immune responses in various disease and vaccine studies.

Virax Biolabs provides a range of custom immunology services to meet the diverse needs of academic and industry clients. These services include recombinant antibody engineering, which involves antigen discovery, sequencing, formatting, and bio-conjugation. They also offer custom peptide synthesis and protein sequencing using advanced mass spectrometry, as well as laboratory services that support ELISA, ELISpot, FluoroSpot, and flow cytometry assays. These custom services are designed to help researchers accelerate discovery and optimize immune-response studies.

Virax Biolabs primarily serves researchers and organizations engaged in immunology, infectious disease, and vaccine development. Their customer base includes academic laboratories, biotechnology companies, and pharmaceutical firms that require high-quality immune-profiling tools and diagnostic support. By providing both off-the-shelf research products and tailored immunology services, Virax Biolabs enables scientists to investigate T cell activity, evaluate vaccine efficacy, and develop new diagnostic platforms.

Virax Biolabs’ headquarters is located at BioCity Glasgow, Bo’Ness Road, Newhouse, Lanarkshire, ML1 5UH, United Kingdom. Inquiries can be made through the “Contact” section of their website at viraxbiolabs.com.

Many of Virax Biolabs’ products, including peptide pools and ELISpot kits, are intended for research use in immune-profiling and in-vitro studies. However, the company is also developing in-vitro diagnostic (IVD) platforms and T cell diagnostics for applications such as chronic inflammation and immune exhaustion. The intended use and regulatory status vary by product, so customers should refer to the specific product details or contact the company directly for clarification.

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